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Go ahead! Use those exclamation points!!!

In an essay published in 1895 called "How to Tell a Story," Mark Twain chastised writers who use "whooping exclamation-points" that reveal them laughing at their own humor, "all of which is very depressing, and makes one want to renounce joking and lead a better life."

One shudders to imagine what Twain would have made of email.

Writing is by definition an imperfect medium for relaying the human voice. And in the age of electronic communication, when that voice is transmitted so often via email and text message, many literate and articulate people find themselves justifying the exclamation point to convey emotion, enthusiasm or excitement. Some do so guiltily, as if on a slippery slope to smiley faces.

"I've degenerated to the point where I allow one per email, but I don't feel good about it," said Alex Knight, a media and technology investor in Seattle. "If I use one, I will go back and delete the previous ones. It's sort of 'Sophie's Choice.' "

In their book "Send: Why People Email So Badly and How to Do It Better," David Shipley and Will Schwalbe say the exclamation point was originally reserved for an actual exclamation ("My goodness!" or "Good grief!") but they have become unexpected champions of this maligned punctuation.

"We call it the ur emoticon," Schwalbe said in a recent phone conversation. "In an idealized world, we would all be able to do what our English teachers told us to do, which is to write beautiful prose where enthusiasm is conveyed by word choice and grammar."

"Email has such a flattening effect: It's toneless and affectless," he said. "The exclamation point is the quickest and easiest way to kick things up a notch, but not if you're angry. Only happy exclamation points."

It's unusual for a punctuation mark to carry such infamy.

"Italics are far more expressive, and they never get a bad reputation," Joni Evans, chief executive of the website WowOwow.com , wrote in an email. "I'm not ashamed of using exclamation points to convey emphasis. I would never use a smiley face, but there are smiley-face personalities. Kathie Lee Gifford comes to mind. People are what they type. But now I am worried: I'm a frequent user of the dash, which might mean that I'm a dash kind of person. Could be a bad sign."

Coincidentally, many of the earliest typewriters did not include a specialized key for the exclamation point, and the endeavor to sound animated required three strokes: an apostrophe, a backspace and a period. The computer not only renders such labor unnecessary but also, with a lingering finger on the key, facilitates exclamatory abuse: A conga line (!!!) is effortless, so standards must be self-imposed.

The Protein Biosynthesis [ Animation ] | Living Natural

Alle schreiben hier immer danke auf englisch…aber du kommst doch aus deutschland oder nicht? ^^ also auch von mir: danke für die hilfe!

und dann noch ein paar fragen: wieso lese ich des öfteren, das die A-Stelle u.a. Bindungsstelle für die Aminoacyl-tRNA ist, und die P-Stelle u.a. Bindungsstelle für die Peptidyl-tRNA? Ändert sich die tRNA etwa beim Übergang?

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